DHAKA, Bangladesh — Hundreds of student protesters and political activists in Bangladesh, armed with bamboo sticks, iron rods and pipes, assaulted supporters of the ousted Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on Thursday and prevented them from reaching the former home of her father, the assassinated independence leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, in the capital.

The house in Dhaka’s Dhanmondi area was turned into a museum to showcase narratives and other objects about a military coup on Aug. 15,…