BYBLOS, Lebanon — The anguish in Lebanese archaeologist Nader Siklaoui’s voice is clear as he films Israeli missiles slamming down near ancient Roman columns he has spent much of his life protecting.

“Oh God, oh God,” he said, the camera shaking as plumes of smoke and debris fill the sky after an Oct. 26 airstrike on Tyre in southern Lebanon, one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities. 

Israel’s war against Lebanese militia group Hezbollah has killed more than 3,200…