MEXICO CITY — A retired Roman Catholic bishop who was known for trying to mediate between drug cartels in Mexico was found and taken to a hospital after apparently being briefly kidnapped, the Mexican Council of Bishops said Monday.

The church leadership in Mexico said in a statement earlier that Monsignor Salvador Rangel, a bishop emeritus, disappeared on Saturday and called on his captors to release him.

But the council later said he “has been located and is in the hospital,” without…